His Excellency Sheikh Mohammed Bin Hamad Al-Thani was appointed Deputy Governor of the Qatar Central Bank and Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors in March 2018. In April 2018, Sheikh Mohammed was appointed Deputy Chairman of the QFC Regulatory Authority and later that year, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Qatar Financial Markets Authority. Since 2019, he has served as Deputy Chairman of the Board of Directors of Qatar Development Bank.

Prior to his March 2018 Qatar Central Bank appointment, Sheikh Mohammed held a range of senior roles there, including Director of the Risk Management Department until 2012. Following that, for five years, he held the role of Secretary of the Personal Representative of His Highness the Emir for follow-up affairs.